自 学 质 疑 学 案 | ||
学生疑问 | 学 案 内 容 | |
一、复习自测（合上课本独立完成） 1.—Hate can not drive out hate, only love_______do that.—Martin Luther King, Jr. A. can B. must C. should D./. 2.一What are you doing this weekend?—I’m not sure,but I _____go to the museum. A. might B. must C. need D. should 3. 一Excuse me. Can you tell me what time it is now? —Sorry, I ______.My watch doesn’t work. A. can’t B. may not C. mustn’t D. needn’t 4.一Must we clean the room at once?—No, you _______. You can do it after school. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. couldn’t 5.—Difficulties always go with me! —Cheer up! If God closes a door in front of you, there ____be a window opened for you. A. would B. must C. could D. can 6. From March 23rd 2013,anyone under the age of 14 _____ go into Disney^ US parks alone. A. couldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. mightn’t 7. Drivers _____ wear the safety belt when driving. This is the traffic rule. A. canB. may C. will D. must 8. —Who is singing in the garden? ---It ______be Mr. Brown. He always practices singing at this time. B. can’t C. need D. might | ||
二、规律总结： 常见的情态动词主要有can(could)，may(might)，must， need，have to, ought to，dare(dared)，shall(should)，will (would) . 情态动词的用法 (l)can表示能力，意为“能，会”, 相当于be able to。could 是can的过去式，表示过去的能力。 如. This room can hold 60 people. (2)表示猜测（即可能性），常用于否定句和疑问句中,否定句中can’t 意为“不可能”。 如：It can’t be true. （注意和must表示肯定推测结合在一起理解记忆） (3)表示请求或许可,意为”可以“。过去式could 在疑问句中表示委婉的语气，没有过去时的意思。如：Can/Could you go swimming with us? /might的用法 (1)may表示许可，意为”可以“，比can更正式。如：May I ask you a question?【注意】may表示请求时，用于主语为第一人称的一般疑问句时，其否定回答用mustn’t或can’t，意为”不可以，不许，禁止“。如---May I go now? ---No, you mustn’t. (2)may表示推测，常用于肯定句，意为“可能，也许”。Might是may的过去时，表推测时，可能性低于may。如：He may be at home at the moment. (3)表示祝愿。如: May you succeed. 祝你成功！ (1) 表示主观看法，意为“必须，一定”。其否定形式mustn’t表示“禁止；一定不要”。 如: You must stay at home. You mustn’t be late. (2)表示有把握的猜测，意为“一定是”，用于肯定句中。 如：The light is on. He must be at home now. (3)must用于一般疑问句时，其肯定答语用must,否定答语用 needn’t 或 don’t have to. 如：—Must I go there tomorrow? —Yes，you must. (No,you needn’t或 No,you don’t have to.) (1) need表示必要性，意为“需要，必须”，用于疑问句或否定句, 其否定形式是needn’t,意为“不必”。用need提问时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t. 如：--Need I stay here? ---Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t. (2)need还可用作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，其后多接动词不定式，还可接名词、代词、动名词。否定句或疑问句中用助动词do/does/did; 如：He needs to speak English more. (3)need doing表示被动意义，相当于need to be done。如： Your car needs cleaning. =Your car needs to be cleaned. / shall (1) shall 常用于主语是第一人称的疑问句中， 表示征求对方意见或表示请求。 如：Shall I close the window. (2)Should 除了可以是shall的过去式外，还有“应该”的含义，表示义务和责任。 如：He shouldn’t have long hair. We should follow the traffic rules to keep us safe. | 圈点勾划重难点，认真思考 | |
学生疑问 | 学 案 内 容 |
/ would (1) will表示主语的决心或意愿. 如：I will do my best to help her. ( 2 ) would表过去的意愿，常用于句式Would you....? (3)表示客气的请求；也可用于句式Would you like/prefer.. . ? (4)表示提议或邀请。如：Would you like some coffee? | |
情态动词表推测 | |
must | 一定（语气强） |
can | 很大可能 |
may>might | 可能 |
can’t | 不可能（语气强）（注：mustn’t只有禁止的意思，不能表推测） |
其中最常考的是must 和can’t， may也有出现，一般会有I am not sure提示。
情态动词一般疑问句的问答 | ||
肯定 | 否定 | |
need | must | needn’t / don’t have to |
must | must | needn’t / don’t have to |
may | may/ can | can’t / mustn’t |
can | may / can | can’t/ mustn’ |
情态动词记忆口诀
情态动词两要点，动词原形跟后面,语气较委婉。
can表“能力”，may“许可”,must“责任”或“义务”,否定回答 needn’t 换；
“需要”need, dare“敢”，should“应该”，would“愿”, have to “被迫”表客观。
三、情态动词与相关词语辨析
与 may be
May be 中的may为情态动词，后加动词原形be， 在句中作谓语；maybe 为副词， 意为“大概，也许”，相当于perhaps，常放在句首，作状语。
He may be right.
Maybe he is right.
’t 与 mustn’t
表示否定推测时用can’t, mustn’t意为“禁止，不允许”，不用来表示推测，在肯定句中可用must表示推测，意为“一定”。
Your answer can’t be true.
You mustn’t smoke here.
训 练 展 示 案 | |
一、中考链接 1 I ______ follow you. Would you please repeat it? A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 2. --Must we take out the trash now?-- ____.You can do it after class. A. Yes, you must. B. No, you can’t C. Yes, you may. D. No, you needn’t 3. After you read the article “Why fast food is slowly killing you”, you ____ stop eating fast food. A. can B. may C. have to D. should 4.—I’d like a pet, but I am busy all day. —Goldfish are a good choice. You____feed them every day. A. mustn’t B .can’t C .shouldn’t D. needn’t 5. — I hope there _______ less pressure on us today. — If so, we _______ enjoy a more pleasant life. A. is; can B. will be; can C. will be; should D. is; should 6.—- Excuse me, may I keep the book a little longer?—Sorry. You ______ return it today. A. must B. mustn't C. can D. can't 7. If you _____ smoke, please go outside. D. might 8. Children ______ sit in the front seat of a car. It’s too dangerous. A. need B. needn’t C. must D. mustn’t 9.—Must I hand in my homework now， ?—No，you ________. A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. wouldn’t D. needn’t 10.—May I take this magazine out of the reading room?—No, you___. You read it in here. A. mightn't B. won’t C. needn’t 't | |
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